Question: 100% NCERT covered from Particular Keyword.Explanations are 100% from NCERT | [Difficult level: Easy] From NCERT NEET 2012
The extinct human who lived 1,00,000 to 40,000
years ago, in Europe, Asia and parts of Africa,
with short stature, heavy eye brows, retreating fore
heads, large jaws with heavy teeth, stocky bodies, a
lumbering gait and stooped posture was
(a) Homo habilis
(b) Neanderthal human
(c) Cro-magnon human
(d) Ramapithecus.
Answer: (b) Neanderthal human
ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF MAN
👉About 15 mya, primates called Dryopithecus and Ramapithecus were
existing. They were hairy and walked like gorillas and chimpanzees.
👉Ramapithecus was more man-like while Dryopithecus was more
ape-like.
👉Few fossils of man-like bones have been discovered in Ethiopia
and Tanzania
👉3-4 mya, man-like primates walked in eastern Africa.
They were probably not taller than 4 feet but walked up right.
👉Two mya,
Australopithecines probably lived in East African grasslands. Evidence
shows they hunted with stone weapons but essentially ate fruit.
👉First human-like being the hominid and was called Homo habilis.
The brain capacities were between 650-800cc. They probably did not eat
meat.
👉Fossils discovered in Java in 1891 revealed the next stage, i.e., Homo
erectus about 1.5 mya. Homo erectus had a large brain around 900cc.
👉Homo erectus probably ate meat.
👉The Neanderthal man with a brain size
of 1400cc lived in near east and central Asia between 1,00,000-40,000
years back. They used hides to protect their body and buried their dead.
👉Homo sapiens arose in Africa and moved across continents and developed
into distinct races. During ice age between 75,000-10,000 years ago
modern Homo sapiens arose.
👉Pre-historic cave art developed about
18,000 years ago. One such cave paintings by Pre-historic humans can
be seen at Bhimbetka rock shelter in Raisen district of Madhya Pradesh.
👉Agriculture came around 10,000 years back and human settlements
started.
👉The skull of baby chimpanzee is more like adult human skull
than adult chimpanzee skull
