Ionic radii are:- 1. Inversely proportional to the square of effective nuclear charge. 2. Directly proportional to the effective nuclear charge. 3. Directly proportional to the square of effective nuclear charge. 4. Inversely proportional to the effective nuclear charge.

 

  Question:  From NCERT  | NEET    || [Difficult level:Easy]  || 

Ionic radii are:-

1. Inversely proportional to the square of effective nuclear charge.

2. Directly proportional to the effective nuclear charge.

3. Directly proportional to the square of effective nuclear charge.

4. Inversely proportional to the effective nuclear charge._

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Explanation:

HINT: Ionic radii $\alpha \frac{1}{Z_{eff}}$

Explanation: 

The effective nuclear charge  is the charge exerted by the nucleons(i.e. protons and neutrons).

For elements having less atomic number, there is no significant difference between effective nuclear charge and nuclear charge.

But when the atomic number increases (shells get bigger, and s, p,d, and f orbitals are involved) due to the penetration effect of the inner orbitals, the total charge of the nucleus is shielded.

So something less than the actual nuclear charge is exerted which is called Effective Nuclear Charge.

The radius of the ion depends on the effective nuclear charge, more the charge, more heavily the electrons are attracted towards the center and lesser in the size. ........

NCERT REFERENCE

The atomic and ionic radii, as we know, generally decrease in a period from left to right.____________________

SUB-TOPIC:

• 3.7.3 Periodic Trends and Chemical Reactivity

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