STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION IN ANIMALS
1.In unicellular organisms, all functions like digestion, respiration and reproduction
are performed by ____.
A single cell
2.In multicellular organisms functions like digestion, respiration and reproduction
are performed by ____ in a well organized manner.
Different group of cells.
3.The body of a simple organism like ____ is made of different types of cells and
the number of cells in each type can be in thousands.
Hydra
4.The human body is composed of billions of ___ to perform various functions. cells
5.In multicellular animals, a group of similar cells alongwith intercellular substances
perform a specific function. Such an organisation is called ____.
tissue
6.You may be surprised to know that all complex animals consist of only ____ basic
types of tissues.
Four
7._____are organised in specific proportion and pattern to form an organ like
stomach, lung, heart and kidney.
tissues
8.When two or more organs perform a common function by their physical and/or
chemical interaction, they together form _____-
Organ system
9.___,___,___,____split up the work in a way that exhibits division of labour
and contribute to the survival of the body as a whole.
Cells, tissues, organs and
organ systems
10.The structure of the ___ vary according to their function. Therefore, the tissues
are different and are broadly classified into four types : (i) ____, (ii) _____, (iii) ___
and (iv) ___.
Cells; epithelial;
connective ; muscular;
neural
11.We commonly refer to an epithelial tissue as ______ Epithelium
12. On the basis of _____of the cells, simple epithelium is further divided into three
types.
structural modification
13.The three types of simple epithelia are (i) Squamous,
(ii) Cuboidal,
(iii) Columnar
14.Plural form of "Epithelium" Epithelia
There are two types of epithelial tissues namely ____ epithelium and
_____ epithelium
Simple and compound
15.Epithelium which is composed of a single layer of cells and functions as a lining
for body cavities, ducts, and tubes
Simple epithelium
16.Epithelium with two or more cell layers Compound
17.Epithelium which functions as a lining for body cavities, ducts and tubes Simple
18.Epithelium whose main function is to provide protection against chemical and
mechanical stresses
Compound
19.Epithelium which has protective function as it does in our skin Compound
20.The epithelium of proximal convoluted tubule of nephron in the kidney has ____ Microvilli
21.If the columnar or cuboidal cells bear cilia on their free surface they are called __ Ciliated epithelium
IDENTIFY THE TISSUE AS EPITHELIAL ;CONNECTIVE ; MUSCULAR : NEURAL, BASED
ON THE GIVEN CHARACTERISTICS
22.This tissue has a free surface, which faces either a body fluid or the outside
environment and thus provides a covering or a lining for some part of the body.
Epithelial tissue
23.All cells here are held together with little intercellular material. Epithelial tissue
24.These tissues are most abundant and widely distributed in the body
of complex animals.
Connective tissue
25.The cells are compactly packed with little intercellular matrix
26.In nearly all animal tissues, specialised junctions provide both structural
and functional links between its individual cells.
Epithelial tissue
27. They range from soft connective tissues to specialised types,include cartilage,
bone, adipose, and blood.
Connective tissue
IDENTIFY THE GIVEN WITH RESPECT TO SQUAMOUS; CUBOIDAL; COLUMNAR
EPITHELIA
28.It is made of a single thin layer of flattened cells with irregular boundaries. Squamous
29.This epithelium is composed of a single layer of tall and slender cells. Columnar
30.Epithelium is composed of a single layer of cube-like cells. Cuboidal
31.Their free surface may have microvilli Columnar
32.Their function is to move particles or mucus in a specific direction over the
epithelium
Ciliated columnar
33.Their nuclei are located at the base. Columnar
34.They are mainly present in the inner surface of hollow organs like bronchioles
and fallopian tubes.
Ciliated columnar
35.This is commonly found in the tubular parts of nephrons in kidneys Cuboidal
36.They are found in the lining of stomach and intestine and help in secretion and
absorption.
Columnar
37.They are found in the walls of blood vessels squamous
38. This is commonly found in ducts of glands Cuboidal
39.They are found in the and air sacs of lungs squamous
40.They are involved in functions like forming a diffusion boundary. Squamous
41.Its main functions are secretion and absorption Cuboidal
42.Some of the columnar or cuboidal cells get specialised for secretion and are
called ___
Glandular epithelium
43.On the basis of the mode of pouring of their secretions, glands are divided into
two categories namely __,____
exocrine and endocrine
glands.
44.Glandular cells in the goblet cells of the alimentary canal are ___ Unicellular
45.Glandular cells in the salivary glands are __ Multicellular
46.The two types of glandular epithelium are ___ , ___ Unicellular,multicellular
47.Glandular epithelium which consists isolated glandular cells is called __ Unicellular
48.Glandular epithelium which consists cluster of cells Multi cellular
49.Glands secrete mucus, saliva, earwax, oil, milk, digestive enzymes and other cell
products are ___
Exocrine glands
50.Products of Endocrine glands is called __ Hormones.
51.Glands which release their products through ducts or tubes are called ___ Exocrine glands
52.Glands without ducts are called Endocrine glands
53.Glands who secrete their products directly into the fluid bathing the gland Endocrine glands
54.____ epithelium is made of more than one layer (multi-layered) of cells and thus
has a limited role in ___ and ___
Compound; secretion and
absorption
55.Compound epithelium which cover the dry surface of skin Stratified squamous
keratinised epithelium
56.Compound epithelium which lines moist surface of buccal cavity, pharynx, Stratified squmaous non
keratised
57.Compound epithelium which forms the inner lining of ducts of salivary glands
and of pancreatic ducts.
Stratified cuboidal
epithelium
58. ____ types of cell junctions are found in the epithelium and other tissues. These
are called as ___, ___ and ___junctions.
Three; tight, adhereing,
gap
59.Junctions help to stop substances from leaking across a tissue. Tight junctions
60.Junctions which allow rapid transfer of ions, small molecules and sometimes big
molecules.
Gap junctions
61.Junctions which perform cementing to keep neighbouring cells together Adhering junctions
62.Junctions which facilitate the cells to communicate with each other by
connecting cytoplasm of adjoining cells
Gap junctions.
63.They are named ____ tissues because of their special function of linking and
supporting other tissues/organs of the body.
Connective
64.In all connective tissues except ___, the cells secrete fibres of structural proteins
called ___ or ____.
Blood; collagen or elastin
65.The fibres which provide strength, elasticity and flexibility to the tissue are Collagen and elastin
Cells which secrete fibres Fibroblast cells
66.Connective tissue cells secrete modified polysaccharides, which accumulate
between cells and fibres and act as ______
matrix (ground
substance).
67.Connective tissues are classified into three types: (i) ____ connective tissue,
(ii)____connective tissue and (iii) ____ connective tissue
Loose ; Dense ; Specialised
68.Connective tissue which has cells and fibres loosely arranged in a semi-fluid
ground substance is called ___
Loose connective tissue
69.Fibres and fibroblasts are compactly packed in this connective tissue __
dense connective tissues.
Dense connective tissue
70.Loose connective tissue beneath the skin ___ Areolar connective tissue
71.loose connective tissue located mainly beneath the skin. Adipose tissue
72.Dense connective tissue in the skin Dense irregular connective
tissue
73.Tendons connects ___ Skeletal muscles to bones
74.Ligaments connects ___ Bone to bone
75.Orientation of fibres show a regular pattern in this dense connective tissue Dense regular connective
tissue
76.Cells of this tissue (chondrocytes) are enclosed in small cavities within the matrix
secreted by them
Cartilage
77.Loose connective tissue which serves as a support framework for epithelium Areolar connective tissue
78.Tissue which support and protect softer tissues and organs. Bone
79.Orientation of fibres in irregular pattern in this dense connective tissue Dense irregular connective
tissue
80.The cells of this tissue are specialized to store fats. Adipose tissue
81.collagen fibres are present in rows between many parallel bundles of fibres in
this dense connective tissue
Dense regular connective
tissue
82.Loose connective tissue which contains fibroblasts , macrophages and mast
cells.
Areolar connective tissue
83.Connective tissue in the tip of nose, outer ear joints, between adjacent
bones of the vertebral column, limbs and hands in adults.
Cartilage (specialized
connective tissue )
84.Most of the cartilages in vertebrate embryos are replaced by ___ in adults. Bones
85.Cartilage , bone and blood are belongs to this type of connective tissue Specialized connective
tissue
86.Areolar and adipose connective tissue are belongs to this type of connective
tissue __
Loose connective tissue
87.They also interact with skeletal muscles attached to them to bring about
movements. "they" means
Bones
88.Dense connective tissue in tendons and ligaments __ Dense regular connective
tissue
89.It is the main tissue that provides structural frame to the body. Bone
90.The excess of nutrients which are not used immediately are converted into fats
and are stored in this tissue.
Adipose tissue
91.Dense connective tissue which has fibroblasts and many fibres (mostly collagen)
that are oriented differently
Dense irregular connective
tissue .
92.The intercellular material of ____ is solid and pliable and resists compression. Cartilage
93.Hard and non-pliable ground substance rich in calcium salts and collagen fibres is
present in ___
Bone
94.___ is a fluid connective tissue containing plasma, red blood cells (RBC), white
blood cells (WBC) and platelets .
Blood
95.Each ___ is made of many long, cylindrical fibres arranged in parallel arrays. Muscle
96.The bone cells which are present in the spaces called lacunae are ___ Osteocytes
97.In general,____ play an active role in all the movements of the body. Muscles
98.Cells in the matrix of cartilage are called ___ Chondrocytes
99.Muscle fibres are composed of numerous fine fibrils, called ____ Myofibrils
100.Each organ in our body is made of one or more type of tissues (true/false) True
101.The _____ in some bones is the site of production of blood cells. Bone marrow
102.Muscle fibres ____ (shorten) in response to stimulation, then ____ (lengthen)
and return to their uncontracted state in a coordinated fashion.
Contract;relax
103.The three types of muscles are ____,_____,____. Skeletal, smooth, and
cardiac
104. Their action moves the body to adjust to the changes in the environment and
to maintain the positions of the various parts of the body.
Muscle
105.Bones have a _______ground substance rich in calcium salts and collagen fibres
which give bone its strength
Hard and non pliable
106.____ is the main circulating fluid that helps in the transport of various
substances.
Blood
107.Limb bones, such as the ____ of the legs, serve weight-bearing functions. Long bones
108._____ muscle tissue is closely attached to skeletal bones. Skeletal
109.We usually are not able to make it contract merely by thinking about it as we
can do with skeletal muscles. The statement is opt for this muscle tissue
Smooth and cardiac
muscle tissue
110.If muscle fibres taper at both ends it can be considered as ___ Fusiform
Muscles in biceps are Skeletal muscles
111.The wall of internal organs such as the blood vessels, stomach and intestine
contains this type of muscle tissue.
Smooth mucles
112.Muscle tissue which is a contractile tissue present only in the heart. Cardiac
113.Units of Neural system are Neurons
114.Type of Muscle tissue which do not show striations Smooth muscles
115.Communication junctions at some fusion points allow the cells to contract as a
unit, i.e., when one cell receives a signal to contract, its neighbours are also
stimulated to contract. Type of tissue with this feature
Cardiac muscle
116.Muscles which are ‘involuntary’ as their functioning cannot be directly
controlled.
Smooth and cardiac
muscle tissue
117.Communication junctions cardiac muscle fibres are called as ___ Intercalated discs.
118.Type of muscle tissue which muscles are bundled together in a parallel fashion Skeletal muscles
119.Tissue with excitable cells Neural tissue
120.Type of muscle tissue which muscle fibres taper at both ends smooth muscle fibres
121.The tissue Which exerts the greatest control over the body’s responsiveness to
changing conditions.
Neural tissue
122.Type of muscle tissue which a sheath of tough connective tissue encloses
several bundles of muscle fibres
Skeletal muscle tissue
123.The _____ cell which constitute the rest of the neural system protect and
support neurons.
Neuroglial
124.Type of muscle tissue which Cell junctions hold them together and they are
bundled together in a connective tissue sheath.
Smooth muscle tissue
125.Type of muscle tissue Cell junctions fuse the plasma membranes of muscle
cells and make them stick together
Cardiac muscle tissue
126.____ make up more than one half the volume of neural tissue in our body Neuroglia
127.When a neuron is suitably stimulated, an electrical disturbance is generated Plasma membrane
which swiftly travels along its _____.
128.Arrival of the disturbance at the neuron’s endings, or ___ zone, triggers events
that may cause ____ or ____ of adjacent neurons and other cells
Output ; stimulation ;
inhibition
129.The basic tissues like epithelial/connective/muscular/neural will organise to
form ____ which in turn associate to form _____ in the multicellular organisms.
Organs; organ systems
130.Such an organisation is essential for more efficient and better coordinated
activities of millions of cells constituting an organism. Such an organisation is
Organ system
131.Tissues in heart are ( Epithelial/connective/muscular /nervous) All four types
132.Complexity in organ and organ systems displays certain discernable trend. This
discernable trend is called ______.
Evolutionary trend
133. Morphology and anatomy of three organisms like earthworm, cockroach,and
frog are at different evolutionary levels in their organisation and
functioning.(true/false)
True
134.In the case of plants or microbes, the term morphology precisely means ____ study of form or externally
visible features.
135.In case of animals Morphology refers to ____ external appearance of
the organs or parts of the
body.
136.The word ____conventionally is used for the study of morphology of internal
organs in the animals.
Anatomy
EARTHWORM COCKROACH FROG
IDENTIFY THE ANIMAL AS EARTHWORM , FROG , COCKROACH BASED ON THE
GIVEN STATEMENTS.
137.Long cylindrical body Earthworm
138.Brown or black bodied animal Cockroach
139.Bright yellow , red and green colored animals Cockroach
140.Body is segmented and divisible into 3 distinct regions ; head, thorax, abdomen Cockroach
141.Body is divided into more than 100 short segments which are similiar Earthworm
142.Body is divisible into head and trunk Frog
143.Nocturnal omnivores that live in damp places throughout out the world. Cockroach
144.Color of the dorsal side of the body is generally olive green with dark irregular
spots
Frog
145.Dorsal surface of the body is marked by a dark mid dorsal line along the
longitudinal axis of the body.
Earthworm
146. Entire body is covered by a hard chitinous exoskeleton . Cockroach
147. Skin is smooth and slippery due to the presence of mucus Frog
148. Anterior end consists of mouth and prostomium Earthworm
149. Ventral surface distinguished by the presence of genital openings . Earthworm
150. Ventral side of the skin is uniformly pale yellow. Frog.
151.`Segments of earthworm are called Metameres
152.Location of genital openings in earthworm (Dorsal/ventral) Ventral
153.Dark mid dorsal line of the earthworm represents Dorsal blood vessel
154.A lobe which serves as a covering for the mouth in earthworm is Prostomium
155.The first body segment of earthworm is called Peristomium
156.Structure of earthworm which acts as wege to force open cracks in the soil into
which the earthworm may crawl
Prostomium
157. Peristomium is also called Buccal segment
158. Mechanical function of prostomium Acts as wedge
159. Opening of the buccal segment Mouth
160. Physiological function of prostomium Sensory in function
161.Prominent dark band of glandular tissue in mature earthworm is called Clitellum
162.In a mature worm, segments ____ are covered by a prominent dark band of 14-16 ; clitellum
glandular tissue called ____.
163. Four pairs of spermathecal apertures are situated on the ___-lateral sides of
the intersegmental grooves, i.e., segments.
Ventro ; 5th -9th
164.A single female genital pore is present in the mid- ___ line of ___ segment. Ventral ; 14th
165.A pair of male genital pores are present on the ___-lateral sides of the ___
segment.
Ventro; 18th
166.Numerous minute pores called ____open on the surface of the body. nephridiopores
167.In each body segment, except the __, ___ and ___, there are rows of S-shaped
setae, embedded in the epidermal pits in the middle of each segment.
First; last ; clitellum
168. Setae can be extended or retracted. Their principal role is in ____. locomotion
169. The body wall of the earthworm is covered externally by a thin ___cuticle
below which is the ___, two muscle layers (___ and ___) and an innermost ___.
Non – cellular ; epidermis ;
circular and longitudinal ;
coelomic epithelum
170. The epidermis is made up of a single layer of ____epithelial cells which contain
____ cells.
Columnar; secretory gland
171. The alimentary canal is a straight tube and runs between ___ to ___ segment
of the body.
First ; last
172. Terminal Mouth ; ___: muscular pharynx ;small narrow tube ____; muscular
gizzard
Buccal cavity ;
Oesophagus
173. Glands of the stomach which neutralise the humic acid present in humus __ Calciferous glands
174. Portion of gut helps in grinding the soil particles and decaying leaves etc. __ Gizzard
175. A pair of short and conical ____ project from the intestine on the 26th
segment.
Inestinal caecae
176. Internal median fold of dorsal wall of intestine is called ___ Typhlosole.
177. The alimentary canal opens to the exterior by a small rounded aperture called
___.
Anus
178. The ingested organic rich soil passes through the digestive tract where ____
breakdown complex food into smaller absorbable units.
Digestive enzymes
179. Contractions keep blood circulating in ___ direction. One
180. Types of nephridia which opens into the intestine in Pheritima (Enteronephric
type )
Pharyngeal and Septal
nephridia
181. Nature (function) of blood cells in Pheritima __ Phagocytic
182. Nephridia which opens outside through minute pores in pheritima (exonephric
type)
Integumentary nephridia
183. Blood cells and haemoglobin in Pheritima is produced from ___ Blood glands
184. Location of haemoglobin in Pheritima ___ Dissolved in plasma
185. Nephridia with funnel Or nephrostome in pheretima (Open type) Septal nephridia
186. Nephridia without nephrostome in pheretima (closed type) Pharyngeal and
integumentary nephridia
187. Nephridia which are arragned in the form of tufts Pharyngeal
188. Type of circulatory system in Pheretima (closed/open) Closed
189. Blood vascular system of Pheretima includes ___,____, and ___. blood vessels, capillaries
and heart.
190. Three body segments of earthworm divided into 3 regions , based on the
clitellum Thus the body is divisible into three prominent regions
preclitellar, clitellar and
postclitellar segments .
191. The food of the earthworm is ___ and ___ mixed with soil. Decaying leaves ; organic
matter
192. Structure of intestine which increases the effective area of absorption in the
intestine.
Typhlosol
193. Smaller blood vessels supply the gut, nerve cord, and the body wall.(true/false) true
194. Blood glands produce RBC (true/false) False
195. Earthworms lack specialised breathing devices. (True/false) True
196. The three different types of nephridia are basically similar in structure in
pheritima (True /false)
True
197. Respiratory exchange occurs through _____ into their blood stream Moist body surfacfe
198. The excretory organs occur as segmentally arranged coiled tubules called __. Nephridia
199. A nephridium starts out as a ___that collects excess fluid from coelomic
chamber
Funnel
200. Structures which produce blood cells and haemoglobin in pheritima Blood glands.
201.Nervous system is basically represented by ____ arranged segment wise on the
_____.
Ganglia ; ventral paired
nervecord
202. Number of types of nephridia in pheritima Three
203. Name the different types of nephridia in pheritima Septal, pharyngeal,
integumentary
204. Type of nephidia present on both the sides of intersegmental septa of
segment 15 to the last that open into intestine
Septal nephridia
205. Type of nephridia, present as three paired tufts in the 4th, 5th and 6th
segments
Pharyngeal nephidia
206. Type of nephridia attached to lining of the body wall of segment 3 to the last
that open on the body surface
Integumentary nephridia
207. Due to closed circulatory system, blood is confined to the ___and ___. Heart and blood vessels
208. The ____ connects with a ____ part of the nephridium which delivers the
wastes through a pore to the surface in the body wall chamber into the ___ tube
Funnel; tubular ; Digestive
209. The nerve cord in the anterior region (__ and ___segments) bifurcates,
laterally encircling the pharynx and joins the ___dorsally to form a nerve ring.
3
rd and 4th ; cerebral
ganglia
210. The ___ ganglia along with other nerves in the ring integrate sensory input as
well as command ___responses of the body
Cerebral ; muscular
211.Sensory system does not have eyes but does possess ___ and ___ sensitive
organs (receptor cells) to distinguish the light intensities and to feel the vibrations in
the ground..
Light ; touch ;
212.Worms have specialised __receptors (taste receptors) which react to chemical
stimuli. These sense organs are located on the ___ part of the worm
Chemo ; anterior
213.Structures regulate the volume and composition of the body fluids Nephridia
214. Identify the structues based on the function : Produce sperms ; Receive sperms
from testes ; carries sperms towards prostate gland
Testes; spermiducal
funnels ; vasa deferentia
215.Earthworm is (unisexual/bisexual ) Bi sexual
216.Hermaphrodite mean Bi sexual
217. Testes --→ spermiducal funnels ---→ ___ ---→ joins prostatic duct
218. Prostate duct + vasa deferentia ---→ Common prostate
spermatic duct
219. Strucutes who receive and store spermatozoa during copulation Spermathecae
220. One pair of ___ is attached at the inter-segmental septum of the 12th and 13th
segments. ____ are present beneath the ovaries which continue into ___, join
together and open on the ventral side as a single median ____.
Ovaries ; ovarian funnels;
oviducts ; female genital
pores.
221. Common prostate spermatic duct opens out through Male genital pores
222. A mutual exchange of ___occurs between two worms during mating. The
cocoon holds the worm embryos.
sperms
223. One worm has to find another worm and they mate ___ opposite gonadal
openings exchanging packets of sperms called ____.
Juxtaposing ;
spermatophores
224. Mature sperm and egg cells and nutritive fluid are deposited in ___produced
by the gland cells of ___.
Cocoons; clitellum
225.Fertilisation and development occur within the ___ which are deposited in __. Cocoons; soil
226. The ova (eggs) are fertilised by the sperm cells within the ___ which then slips
off the worm and is deposited in or on the ___.
Cocoon ; soil
227. After about __ weeks, each cocoon produces ____ baby worms with an
average of ___.
3 ; 2 to 20 : four
228. Development of earthworms is (direct/Indirect), i.e., there is no larva formed Direct
229. If there is no larva formed during development such development is called Direct development
230. Development occurs through larval form , such development is called Indirect development.
Mention the segments for the given structures of Pheritima
231. 1st ; last ; 3rd segment to last segment ; 12/13 segment to last segment Mouth; Anus ; Nephridio
pores ; Dorsal pores
232. Spermathecal pores ; Genital papillae 5/6,6/7,7/8,8/9 ;; 17th and
19th ventro lateral
233. Female genital pore ; Male genital pore 14th ventro middle ; 18th
ventro lateral
234. Segments of Pre clitellar region ; Clitellar region ; Post clitellar region 1-13 ; 14-16 ; 17 to last
235. Setae Expect 1st , last segment
and clitellar region
236. Alimentary canal 1st to last segment of the
body
237. Buccal cavity ; pharynx ; oesophagus ; gizzard ; stomach 1-3 ; 4 ; 5-7 ; 8 ; 9-14
238. Calciferous glands ; sense organs ; nerve ring 9-14 ; anterior part; 3&4
239. Intestine 15 to last ;
240. Typhlosol 26 to last except last 23rd
-25th segments.
241. Pre typhlosolar region ; Typhlosolar region ; post typhlosolar region 15 -26 ; 26 to last except
last 23rd -25th segments.;
last 23or 25
242. Intestinal caecae ; Blood glands ; Pharyngeal nephridia 26th segment ; 4,5,6 ; 4,5,6
segments
243. Integumentary nephridia; Septal nephridia ; testes ; ovary 3
rd to last ; 15th to last ; 10
,11; 13
244. Vasa deferentia ; prostate duct ; accessory glands ; common prostate
spermatic duct
12-18 ; 18 ; 17,19 ; 18
245. Spermathecae ; ovarian funnels ; oviducts 6,7,8,9; 13 ; 13,14.
246. Earthworms are known as ‘____’ because they make burrows in the soil and
make it porous which helps in ____ and ___ of the developing plant roots.
Friends of farmers ;
respiration ; penetration
247. The process of increasing fertility of soil by the earthworms is called ___. Vermicomposting
248. Earthworms are used as ___ in game fishing. Bait
249. Cockroaches are brown or black bodied animals that are included in class __ of
Phylum _____.
Insecta;Arthropoda
250. Bright yellow, red and green coloured cockroaches have also been reported
in ___
Tropical regions
251. On an average, females produce ___oothecae, each containing ____ eggs. 9 – 10 ; 14 – 16
252. Cockroach size ranges from 1⁄4 inches to 3 inches (0.6-7.6 cm) and have long
antenna, legs and flat extension of the upper body wall that conceals ___.
1/4 ; 3 ; 0.6 -7.6 ; Head
253. Cockroach have become residents of human homes and thus are serious pests
and ____ vectors of several diseases. (Biological /mechanical)
Mechanical
254. Common species of cockroach are Periplaneta americana
255. Wings that extend beyond the tip of abdomen in (male/female) Male
256. The three tagmata of cockroach are Head , thorax , abdomen
257. Length of male cockroach along with wing s 34-53 mm
258. Colour of exoskeleton in cockroach Brown
259. Hardened plates of exoskeleton are Sclerites
260. Structure which absorb nitrogenous waste products and convert them into Malpighian tubules
uric acid which is excreted out through the hindgut.
261. Sclerite plates of cockroach on dorsal side of the body are called as __ Tergites
262. Sclerite plates of cockroach on ventral side of body are called as ___ Sternites
263. Flexible articular membrane present between terigites is Arthroidal membrane
264. Flexible articular membrane present between sternites is Arthroidal membrane
265. Every segment of cockroach , covered by exoskeletal sclerites plates named
dorsally as ___,ventrally as_____, laterally as ____
Tergum, sternum, pleuron
266. In the head of cockroach a pair of thread like ___ arise from membranous
sockets lying in front of ___..
Antennae ; eyes
267. Shape of head in cockroach Tringular
268. Location of the head in cockroach Right angles to the
longitudinal body axis.
269. Number of segments which head of cockoach is formed with ___ Six
270. Condition of head segments in cockroach (Fused/separate ) Fused
271. Head shows great mobility in all direction due to _____ Flexible neck
272. Structure for vision in cockroach which head capsule bear a pair of ___ Compound eyes
273. Out growths of the body of cockroach are called ___ Appendages
274. Type of mouth parts in cockroach ____ Biting and chewing type
275. Thread like structures of head which have sensory receptors that help in
monitoring the environment
Antennae
276. Appendages of head in cockroach are ___ Antennae, mouth parts
277. Wings called tegmina which are opaque dark and leathery are ___ Fore wings
278. Paired mouth parts of cockroach are ___ Mandible, maxillae
279. Unpaired mouth parts of cockroach Labrum, hypopharynx,
labium
280. Mouth part considered as upper lip Labrum
281. Mouth part which is considered as lower lip Labium
282. Each thoracic segment bears a pair of _____. Walking legs
283. ___has an outer layer of thick circular muscles and thick inner cuticle forming
six highly chitinous plate called teeth.
Gizzard
284. The first pair of wings arises from ___ and the second pair from ____. Mesothorax, metathorax.
285. Blood vessels of cockroach opens into ____ Haemocoel.
286. Elongated muscular tube lying along mid dorsal line of thorax and abdomen
is __
Heart
287. Forewings (mesothoracic) and cover the _____ when at rest. Hind wings.
288. If the head of a cockroach is cut off, it will still live for as long as one week.
Why ?
The head holds a bit of a
nervous system while the
rest is situated along the
ventral part of its body.
289. Part of gut which helps in grinding the food particles. Gizzard
290. Part of gut used for storing of food. Crop
291. Structures which help in removal of excretory products from haemolymph. Malpighian tubules.
292. Transparent ,membranous wings in cockroach are ___ . Hind wings.
293. Median flexible lobe, acts as tongue in cockroach is __ Hypopharynx
294. Three parts of thorax are ___ Prothorax, mesothorax,
metathorax
295. The head is connected with thorax by a short extension of the ____known as
the neck
Prothorax
296. Number of pairs of legs in cockroach ___ Three
297. ___lies within the cavity enclosed by the mouth parts. Hypopharynx
298. Number of pairs of wings in cockroach ___ Two
299. Fore wings of cockroach are called as ____ based on their arising location. Mesothoracic wings
300. Hind wings of cockroach are called as ____ based on their arising location. Metathoracic wings.
301. Wings for flight in cockroach ___ Hind wings
302. Wings for the protection in cockroach ___ Fore wings
303. Thoracic without wings ___ Prothorax
304. Thoracic segments with wings and legs ___ Mesothorax , meta thorax.
305. Number of segments in abdomen in both male and female respectively __ 10 and 10
306. In ___, _____ pouch or chamber lies at the hind end of abdomen bounded
dorsally by __th and ___th terga and ventrally by the ___th sternum
Males : genital ; hind ; 9th
,10th ; 9th
307. In _____, the 7th sternum is ____ shaped and together with the 8th and 9th
sterna forms a brood or genital pouch whose anterior part contains ____ gonopore,
______ pores and ____ glands.
Females ; boat shaped ;
brood or genital; female;
spermathecal ; collateral
308. Genital pourch or chamber in male contains dorsal ____, ventral____pore
and _____.
Anus; male genital ;
gonapophysis
309. Heart of cockroach consists It is differentiated into ___ shaped chambers with
___ on either side.
Funnel ; ostia
310. Males bear a pair of short, threadlike _____ which are absent in females. Anal style.
311 . In both sexes, the 10th segment bears a pair of jointed filamentous structures
called ____.
Anal cerci.
312. Sexual dimorphic character of cockroach with respect to abdominal
appandage ___
Anal style.
313. The alimentary canal present in the body cavity is divided into three regions:
___, ___ and ___ .
Fore gut; mid gut; hind
gut.
314. Identify the parts of gut based on given characteristics: A. short tubular ; B.
Narrow tubular passage ; C. Sac like structure ; D. Highly muscular
A. pharynx : B.Oesophagus
C. Crop D. Gizzad.
315.Arrange these in sequence A. Mouth B. oesophagus C. Pharynx D. Gizzard E.
Crop F. ventriculus G. Ileum H. Rectum I . colon.
ACBEDFGIH
316.Gizzard of cockroach is also called as ___ Proventriculus
317.The entire foregut is lined by ____. cuticle
318.A ring of 6-8 blind tubules called ___or ___ caeca is present at the junction of
___ and ____, which secrete ____.
Hepatic or gastric ; Fore
gut ; midgut ; digestive
juice.
319.At the junction of ____ and ____is present another ring of 100-150 yellow
coloured thin filamentous ______.
Midgut; hind gut ;
Malpighian tubules.
320.The hindgut is broader than ____ and is differentiated into ___, ___and ___.
The ____ opens out through anus.
Mid gut ; Ileum , colon,
rectum ; rectum.
321. Visceral organs located in the ___coel are bathed in ___ (haemolymph). Haemo; blood .
322. Type of blood vascular system in cockroach (Open /closed ) Open type
323. Condition of blood vessels in cockroach ___ Poorely developed.
324. Blood filled body cavity cockroach is called as ____ Haemocoel
325. Blood of cockoach is called as ____ Haemolymph
326. Respiratory pigment in cockroach is _________(present/absent) Absent.
327. Blood from sinuses enter heart through ___ and is pumped anteriorly to ____
again
Ostia; sinuses
328. The haemolymph is composed of colourless ___ and ____. Plasma ; Haemocytes.
329. Number of chambers in the heart ___ 13
330. Opening of heart chambers is called ___ Ostia
331. The sinus or cavity of cockroach which enclosed the heart ___ Pericardial sinus
332. The sinus or cavity of cockroach which encloses visceral organs like gut ___ Perivisceral sinus
333. The sinus or cavity of cockroach which enclsoes double ventral nerve cord __ Peri neural sinus.
334. Muscles of cockroach which are assoicated with heart ___ Allary muscles.
335. Major excretory organs of cockroach are ____ Malpighian tubules
336. Additional excretory structures of cockroach are ___,____,_____ fat body, nephrocytes and
urecose glands
337. The respiratory system consists of a network of ___, that open through __
pairs of small holes called ___present on the ___ side of the body.
Trachea; 10; spiracles;
lateral
338. Thin branching tubes which carry oxygen from the air to all the parts are __ Tracheoles.
339. Tracheal tubes of cockroach are subdivided into _____ Tracheoles.
340. Opening of the spiracles is regulated by the ___.. Sphinctors.
341.Exchange of gases take place at the ____ by diffusion Tracheoles
342. Each Malpighian tubule is lined by ____ and ____ cells. Glandular and ciliated
343. Excretory material of cockroach ____ Uric acid
344. Based on the excretory waste cockroach is considered as ______ animal Uricotelic
345. The nervous system of cockroach consists of a series of fused, segmentally
arranged ____ joined by paired ______ on the ___side.
Ganglia ; longitudinal
connectives ; ventral
346. Number of segmental ganglia in thorax of cockroach Three
347. Number of segmental ganglia in abdomen of cockroach six
348. The ____ holds a bit of a nervous system while the rest is situated along the
___ (belly-side) part of its body. Each eye consists of about 2000 hexagonal
ommatidia (sing.: ommatidium).
Head ; ventral
349. In the head region, the brain is represented by _____ ganglion which supplies
nerves to ____ and _____.
Supra – oesophageal ;
antennae ;compound eyes
350. Sense organs of the head region in cockroach are __ Antennae,eyes, maxillary
palp, labial palp
351. Abdominal appendage which acts as sense organ Anal cerci.
352. Portions of mouth parts which acts as sense organ are___ Maxillary palp, labial palp
353. The compound eyes are situated at the ___ surface of the head. Dorsal
354. Number of ommatidia in the compound eye of cockroach ___ 2000
355. Shape of each ommatidium ___ Hexagonal
356. With the help of several ommatidia, a cockroach can receive several images of
an object. This kind of vision is known as ___ vision with more ___but less ___,
being common during night (hence called ___ vision).
Mosaic ; sensitivity ;
resolution ; nocturnal
357. Cockroaches are (Monoecious/dioecious) Dioecious
358. Cockroaches are (Uni sexual /Hermaphrodite ) Uni sexual
359. Male reproductive system consists of a pair of testes one lying on each lateral
side in the ____ abdominal segments.
4
th and 6th
360. Arrange these in sequence A. vas deferens B. Testes C. ejaculatory duct D.
seminal vesicle E. Male gonopore
BADCE
361. The nervous system of cockroach is spread throughout the body.(True/false) True
362. A characteristic mushroom shaped gland is present in the ___ abdominal
segments which functions as an accessory reproductive gland
6
th
-7
th
363. From each testis arises a thin ___, which opens into ___ duct through ___. The
ejaculatory duct opens into male gonopore situated ventral to ___.
Vas deferens; ejaculatroy
duct; seminal vesicle; anus
364. The female reproductive sysytem consists of two large ovaries, lying laterally
in the ____ abdominal segments.
2
nd
- 6
th
365. Chitinous asymmetrical structures, surrounding the male gonopore are __ Gonapophysis or
phallomere
366. Oviducts of each ovary unite into a single median oviduct (also called ___)
which opens into the genital ___.
Vajina ; genital chamber
367. The sperms are stored in the ___ and are glued together in the form of bundles
called ____which are discharged during copulation.
Seminal vesicles;
spermatophores
368. Each ovary is formed of a group of ___ovarian tubules or ____, containing a
chain of developing __.
8 ; ovarioles ; ova
369. External genitalia of male cockroach are _____ Gonapophysis or
phallomere
370. A pair of spermatheca is present in the ___segment which opens into the ____. 6
th ; genital chamber
371. Spermatheca is the characteristic feature of (male/female cockroach) Female cockroach
372. Fertilized eggs are encased in capsules called_____. Oothecae.
373. Sperms of male are transferred into female throughspermatophores.
(true/false)
True
374. Sperms of male are transferred into female with spermatophores (True/false) False
375. The nymphs look very much like adults. (True/false) True
376. All nymphal stages are without wings except last nymphal stage. (True/false) False
377. Many species of cockroaches are wild and are of no known economic
importance yet. (True/false)
True
378. ____ is a dark reddish to blackish brown capsule, about 3/8" (8 mm) long. Ootheca
379. ____are dropped or glued to a suitable surface, usually in a crack or crevice of
high relative humidity near a food source.
Ootheca
380. The development of P. americana is _____, meaning there is development
through nymphal stage.
Paurometabolous
381. If the development occurs through larval stages, such development of insects
is called
Holometabolous
382. If the young one look like adult (almost) and little change required to develop
an adult , such development in insects is called
Paurometabolous
383. The nymph grows by ____about __ times to reach the adult form. Moulting ; 13
384. The next to last nymphal stage has ___ but only adult cockroaches have wings. Wing pads
385. A few species of cockroach thrive in and around human habitat. They are pests
because they spoil food and contaminate it with their smelly excreta..
Pests ; excreta
386. Cockroaches can transmit a variety of _____ diseases by contaminating food
material
Bacterial
387.
Moulting
hatching about 13 times Egg Nymph Adult
; Such development is called Paurometabolous
metamorphosis
388. Type of fertilization in cockroach (External/Internal) Internal
389. Secretion of ______ forms ootheca around fertilized eggs. Collateral glands
390. Fill the sequence with respect to cockroach ; Testes -→ A ---→ Ejaculatory
duct --→ B --→ Female genital pore ---→ C of female --→ Gynatrium -→ oothecal
chamber --→ Release out into damp places .
A. Vasa deferentia ,
B.Male genital pore ,
C.Spermatheca
391. The skin of Frog is always maintained in a moist condition.(true/false ) True
392. Sinus venosus of frog lies on the ventral side of heart and conus arteriosus on
dorsal side (true /false)
False
393. The frog never drinks water but absorb it through the skin. (true/false ) True
394. Adult frog bear neck but do not bear tail (true/false ) false
395. Ventricle of Frog pumps mixed blood (True/false) True
396. Digits of hind limbs are larger and muscular than digits of fore limbs
(true/false)
True
397. Blood vascular system of frog is poorly developed and open type (true/false) False
398. Frogs have a lymphatic system also. (true/false) True
399. The body cavity of frogs accommodate different organ systems such as
digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous, excretory and reproductive systems with
well developed structures and functions . (true/false )
True
400. The skin of frog is smooth and slippery due to the presence of ___. Mucus
401. Paired openings of frog above the mouth A pair of nostrils
402. Eyes are bulged and covered by a ______ that protects them while in water. Nictitating membrane
403. On either side of eyes a membranous ______ (ear) receives sound signals Tympanum
404. The ____ and ____ help in swimming, walking, leaping and burrowing. Fore limbs and hind limbs
405. The hind limbs end in ____ digits and they are larger and muscular than fore
limbs that end in ___ digits.
Five ; four
406. Feet have ____ digits that help in swimming. Webbed
407. Frogs exhibit sexual dimorphism means Can be differentiated male
frog to female externally
408. Location of copulatory pads in frog First digit of fore limbs of
male
409. Number of chambers in the heart of Frog ____ Three
410. Sound producing structures which are exclusive for male frog are Vocal sacs
411. Peritoneal membrane which covers the heart is ___ Peri cardium
412. The morphological characters of male frog which differentiate them from
female
Vocal sacs, copulatory
pads
413. The digestive system consists of ___and____. Digested food is absorbed by the
numerous finger-like folds in the inner wall of intestine called villi and microvilli. The
undigested solid waste moves into the rectum and passes out through cloaca.
alimentary canal ;
digestive glands
414. The alimentary canal is ____ because frogs are ____ and hence the length of
intestine is ____.
Short ; carnivores ;
reduced
415. The mouth opens into the ___ that leads to the _____through _____. Buccal cavity ;oesophagus;
pharynx
416. ______is a short tube that opens into the ____ which in turn continues as the
___, rectum and finally opens outside by the ____.
Oesophagus ; stomach ;
intestine ; cloaca
417. _____ secretes bile that is stored in the _____. Liver ; gall bladder
418. ______, a digestive gland produces pancreatic juice containing digestive
enzymes.
419. Food is captured by the bilobed ____. Tongue .
420. Digestion of food takes place by the action of ____ and ____ secreted from
the walls of the stomach.
HCl ; gastric juices
421. Partially digested food called _____is passed from stomach to the first part of
the small intestine, the ____.
Chyme ; duodenum
422. The duodenum receives bile from gall bladder and pancreatic juices from the
pancreas through a _______.
Common bile duct
423. ___ emulsifies fat and ____ digest carbohydrates and proteins. Final digestion
takes place in the intestine.
Bile ; pancreatic juices
424. Frogs respire on ___ and in the ____ by two different methods Land ; water
425. In water, ___ acts as aquatic respiratory organ. Skin
426. Dissolved oxygen in the water is exchanged through the ___ by diffusion. Skin
427. On land, the ____, ___ and ___ act as the respiratory organs. Buccal cavity; skin ; Lungs
428. Mode of respiration during aestivation in Frog Cutaneous respiration
429. During inspiration air enters through nostrils into the ___ and then into ___ Buccal cavity; lungs
430. During expiration air exit from lungs into the ____and then into ___ Buccal cavity ; lungs
431. Mode of respiration during hibernation in Frog Cutaneous respiration
432.The vascular system of frog is well-developed ____ type.(closed /open) Closed
433.Respiration through skin in frog is called ___ Cutaneous respiration
434. The ____ system involves heart, blood vessels and blood. Blood vascular
435.The respiration by lungs is called ____. Pulmonary respiration
436.The ____system consists of lymph, lymph channels and lymph nodes. Lymphatic
437.The ____ are a pair of elongated, pink coloured sac-like structures present in
the upper part of the trunk region (thorax).
Lungs ; thorax
438. A muscular structure of blood vascular system situated in the upper part of
the body cavity is __
Heart
439. Number of atria and number of ventricles in the heart of frog respectively __ Two and one
440. Major veins which collects the de oxygenated blood from the body parts __ Vena cava
441.The lymph is different from blood. It lacks ____ and ____s. Few proteins; RBC
442.The blood from the heart is carried to all parts of the body by the __ Arteries ; arterial
(___system).
443.The ____ is composed of plasma and cells. Blood
444. The ___ collect blood from different parts of body to the heart and form the
____ system.
Veins ; venous
445. The ventricle opens into a saclike _____on the ventral side of the heart. Conus arteriosus
446. Special venous connection between liver and intestine as well as the kidney
and lower parts of the body are present in frogs. The former is called ____system
and the latter is called _____system.
Hepatic portal ; renal
portal
447. A triangular structure called _____ joins the right atrium in Heart . Sinus venosus
448. The blood cells are of Frog are ____,____, _____ RBC , WBC , Platelets
449. Erythrocytes, Leucocytes are also called __ , ___ RBC ; WBC
450. The blood carries nutrients, gases and water to the respective sites during
the ___
Circulation.
451. The circulation of blood is achieved by the pumping action of the muscular
heart.
Muscular heart
452.Type of circulation in Frog (Single /Incomplete double /Complete double
circulation)
Incomplete double
circulation
453.Right atria of frog collects (oxygenated/deoxygenated blood) De oxygenated blood
454.Left atria of Frog collects (oxygenated/deoxygenated blood) Oxygenated blood
455.Right atria collects the blood from ___ , collects with the help of ___, ____, and
joins together forma a single duct called ______ which opens
Body parts; superior vena
cava ; Inferior vena cava ;
sinus venosus
456.Left atria collects the blood from ____,____ collects with the help of ____ Lungs; skin;
Pulmocutaneous vein
457. The elimination of nitrogenous wastes is carried out by a well developed
____system.
Excretory
458. The excretory system consists of a pair of ____, ____, ___ and _____. Kidneys, ureters, cloaca ,
Urinary bladder.
459.Two ____ emerge from the kidneys in the male frogs. Ureters
460. Major excretory material of Frog Urea
461.Compact , dark red and bean like structures of the Frog Kidneys
462.In male frog the ureters act as ____ which opens into the ____. Urinogenital duct ; cloaca
463. In females ureters and ____ open separately in the ____. Oviducts ; cloaca.
464. Based on the excretory waste material frog is called _____ animal. Ureotelic
465. Structure which is situated a little posterior in the body cavity on both sides of
vertebral column
Kidneys
466.Excretory wastes are carried by ___ into the ____where it is separated and
excreted.
Blood ; kidney
467. The system for control and coordination is ____ evolved in the frog
(highly/poorly)
Highly
468. Control and coordination includes both ____ system and ____glands Neural ; endocrine
469. Brain is enclosed in a bony structure called ____ (_____). Brain box or cranium
470. Central nervous system of Frog include Brain and spinal cord
471.Peripheral nervous system of Frog include Cranial and spinal nerves
472. Nerves arise from the brain are called Cranial nerves
473. Nerves arise from the spinal cord are called Spinal nerves
474.Autonomic nervous system of Frog include Sympathetic and
parasympathetic
475. The prominent _____ glands found in frog are pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid,
thymus, pineal body, pancreatic islets, adrenals and gonads.
Endocrine
476. Number of pairs of cranial nerves in Frog 10
477. The thin-walled urinary bladder is present ventral to the ____ which also opens Rectum ; cloaca
in the ___.
478. The chemical coordination of various organs of the body is achieved by ____
which are secreted by the endocrine glands.
Hormones
479. Each kidney is composed of several structural and functional units called ___
or ____.
Uriniferous tubules or
nephrons
480. The brain is divided into ___-brain, ___-brain and ___-brain. Fore ; mid ; hind
481. Organ of hearing as well as balancing (equilibrium) in frog Ear
482. The _____ passes out through the foramen magnum and continues into ___,
which is enclosed in the ________.
Medulla oblongata; spinal
cord ; vertebral column
483. The ___brain is characterised by a pair of optic lobes. Mid
484. ____-brain consists of cerebellum and medulla oblongata. Hind
485. _____brain includes olfactory lobes, paired cerebral hemispheres and unpaired
diencephalon.
Fore
486. Frog has different types of sense organs, namely organs of touch (____), taste
(____), smell (____), vision (____) and hearing (_____).
Sensory papillae; taste
buds ; nasal epithelium ;
eyes ; tympanum with
internal ears
487. Out of all sense organs, ___ and ____are well-organised structures and the rest
are ____ around nerve endings.
Eyes and internal ears;
cellular aggregations
488. A pair of spherical structures situated in the orbit in skull are __ Eyes
489. Simple eye means Possessing only one unit
490. Frogs have well organised male and female reproductive systems.(true/false) true
491. External ear is ____ in frogs and only ____ can be seen externally. Absent ; tympanum
492. Yellowish ovoid structures of male reproductive system of frog are Testes
493. _____ are ____in number that arise from testes. They enter the kidneys on
their side and open into _____.
Vasa efferentia ; 10-12;
Bidder's canal.
494. Organs which are found adhered to the upper part of kidneys by a double fold
of peritoneum in male frog are
Testes
495. A small, median chamber that is used to pass faecal matter, urine and sperms
to the exterior.
Cloaca
496. The female reproductive organs include a pair of ___ . The ____ are situated
near kidneys and there is no functional connection with ___.
Ovaries ; ovaries
497. A pair of oviduct arising from the ovaries opens into the ____ separately. Cloaca
498. Bidder's canal communicates with the ____ that comes out of the kidneys and
opens into the ____.
Urinogenital duct ; cloaca
499. Double fold of peritoneum which adhere the testes to the kidney is Mesorchium
500. A mature female can lay ___ to ___ ova at a time. 2500 to 3000
501. Type of fertilization in Frog (external /Internal) External
502. Fertilization in Frog takes place in ___ Water
503. Type of development in Frog (Direct / Indirect) Indirect
504. Development of frog involves a larval stage called ___ Tadpole .
505. ____ larva of Frog undergoes _____ to become adult. Tadpole ; Metamorphosis
506. Frogs are beneficial for mankind because they eat ___ and protect the ___. Insects; crop
507. Frogs maintain ecological balance because these serve as an important link of
___ and ____ in the ecosystem.
Food chain; food web
508. In some countries the _____ of frog are used as food by man. Muscular legs
