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Problems related to nomenclature of alcohol and phenols.
Description:
Most important questions in this chapter can be asked from the IUPAC nomenclature of alcohols, phenols and ethers. The structures of compounds can be given and you will have to write their IUPAC name, or the name can be given and you will have to write their structure. Sometimes, you will also be asked to write the common name.
How to Approach:
Remember these tips to write the IUPAC names of alcohols, phenols and ethers.
1. When structure is given and you have to write the IUPAC name:
Naming of Alcohols
- The longest continuous chain of carbon atoms containing the -OH group is taken as the parent
- The chain is numbered from the end nearest to the -OH group.
- The number that indicates the position of the OH group is prefixed to the name of the parent hydrocarbon, and the -e ending of the parent alkane is replaced by the suffix -ol
6,8-dimethyl-3-decanol
Naming of Phenols
- The term phenol is the IUPAC name of a compound when a -OH group is bonded to a benzene ring
- When there is a second substituent , the benzene ring is numbered such that the carbon bonded to the hydroxyl group gets the lowest position.
- For benzene rings attached to more than one hydroxyl groups - The number of similar hydroxyl groups attached to the benzene ring are denoted by Greek numerical prefixes such as di, tri, tetra.
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