FACT/DEFINITION TYPE QUESTIONS
16.
Which of the following has no specialized respiratory
structures ?
(a) Crab
(b) Earthworm
(c) Salmon
(d) Ant
View Explanation with NCERT Reference below all the questions.
17.
Lungs are present in
(a) mediastinum (b) pleural cavity
(c) pericardial cavity (d) thoracic cavity
View Explanation with NCERT Reference below all the questions.
18.
Membrane separating air in pulmonary alveoli from blood
capillaries is
(a) alveolar epithelium
(b) cardiac epithelium
(c) endothelium of blood capillaries
(d) both (a) and (c)
View Explanation with NCERT Reference below all the questions.
19.
The amount of air remaining in the air passages and alveoli
at the end of quiet respiration is called
(a) tidal volume
(b) inspirating reserve volume
(c) inspiratory capacity
(d) functional residual capacity
View Explanation with NCERT Reference below all the questions.
20.
In anaerobic respiration
(a) O2
is taken in. (b) CO2
is taken in.
(c) O2
is given out. (d) CO2 is given out.
View Explanation with NCERT Reference below all the questions.
21.
Every 100 ml of oxygenated blood delivers following amount
of O2
to the tissues under normal physiological contition.
(a) 5 ml (b) 25 ml
(c) 50 ml (d) More than 50 m
View Explanation with NCERT Reference below all the questions.
22.
What percentage of oxygen is carried by haemoglobin ?
(a) 90 (b) 98
(c) 23 (d) 73
View Explanation with NCERT Reference below all the questions.
23.
Partial pressure of oxygen in inspired and expired air is
……. and ……. mm of Hg.
(a) 100, 46 (b) 158, 40
(c) 158, 90 (d) 100, 95
View Explanation with NCERT Reference below all the questions.
24.
p50 value denotes
(a) percentage of oxygen
(b) partial pressure of O2
(c) percentage of haemoglobin
(d) percentage of oxyhaemoglobin
View Explanation with NCERT Reference below all the questions.
25.
In mammals, carbon dioxide is transported from tissues to
respiratory surface by
(a) plasma (b) R.B.C.
(c) W.B.C. (d) both (a) and (b)
View Explanation with NCERT Reference below all the questions.
26.
__(i)__ in CO2
in your blood, which causes __(ii)__ in
pH, would cause your breathing to speed up.
(a) (i) An increase, (ii) a rise
(b) (i) An increase, (ii) a drop
(c) (i) A decrease, (ii) a rise
(d) (i) A decrease, (ii) a drop
View Explanation with NCERT Reference below all the questions.
27.
Carbonic anhydrase is found in high concentration in
(a) leucocytes (b) blood plasma
(c) erythrocytes (d) lymphocytes
View Explanation with NCERT Reference below all the questions.
28.
Which of the following is the carbonic anhydrase ?
(a)Fe
(b)Zn
(c)co
(d) Mg
View Explanation with NCERT Reference below all the questions.
29.
From NCERT
The formation of Carbonic acid from Carbon dioxide and water has catalyzed the enzyme
1. Carbonic anhydrase
2. Carbonic anhydride
3. Carbonic hydrase
4. Both A and C
View Explanation with NCERT Reference below all the questions.
30.
At tissue sites, partial pressure of CO2 is high due to _______ process.
1. Anabolic
2. catabolic
3. Both A and B
4. Oxidative
View Explanation with NCERT Reference below all the questions.
31.
Carbonic anhydrase is present in
1. R.B.C
2. Plasma
3. Both A and B
4. Tissues
View Explanation with NCERT Reference below all the questions.
Section showing-View Explanation with NCERT Reference below all the questions.
16- (b) Earthworms do not have a special respiratory organ. Exchange of gases takes place through their skin. In them.
- Which is the respiratory organ of ant?
spiracles
Ants have an interesting respiratory system consisting of spiracles (tiny openings located on the outside of the exoskeleton that allow the transport of oxygen into and carbon dioxide out of ) and trachea (the respiratory ducts throughout the body)- gills
Crabs, like many sea-dwelling creatures, have gills that they use to extract oxygen from the water in order to breathe.- Trout and salmon, like all fish, have evolved a sophisticated breathing system to deal with life in a liquid environment. They breathe through specialized structures, their gills. The gills are found on each side of the fish's head and are arranged on four-gill arches. Each gill is made up of very fine filaments
17-(d) Lungs are conical in shape that take up most of the chest and thoracic cavity.The pleural cavity is the space, when it occurs, between the parietal and the visceral pleura.
- Is the pleural cavity in the thoracic cavity?
18- (d) Alveolar epithelium and endothelium of blood
capillaries are two membranes which separate air in
pulmonary alveoli from blood capillaries.
Alveoli are the primary sites of exchange of gases. Exchange of gases also occur between blood and tissues. Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in these sites by simple diffusion mainly based on pressure/concentration gradient. Solubility of the gases as well as the thickness of the membranes involved in diffusion are also important factors that can affect the rate of diffusion. The diffusion membrane is made up of three major layers namely, the thin squamous epithelium of alveoli, the endothelium of alveolar capillaries and the basement substance in between them.
19- (d) Functional residual capacity (FRC) is the volume of
air remaining in the lungs after a normal expiration
(ERV + RV). It is about 2300 ml.
19- (d) Functional residual capacity (FRC) is the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a normal expiration (ERV + RV). It is about 2300 ml.
20- (d) Anaerobic respiration uses electron acceptors other than oxygen. Although oxygen is not used as the final electron acceptor, the process still uses a respiratory electron transport chain. It is a respiration without oxygen and produces energy, carbon dioxide, lactic acid or alcohol
21- (a) Every 100 ml of oxygenated blood can deliver around
5 ml of O2
to the tissues under normal physiological
conditions.
DOUBT-NCERT say every 100ml of blood can carry 5ml of oxygen (chapter 17 page no 274) …but the oxygen carring capacity of Hb is 1.34ml/gm therefore 100ml of blood (containing 15gm of Jb appx) can carry 20.1ml of oxygen.🤔is there any mistake from NCERT?
- 1 gm Haemoglobin carry 1.34 ml of Oxygen.
- 100 ml blood contain 15 gm (12–16 gm) Haemoglobin.
- 100 ml Blood carries 20 ml of Oxygen(1.34×15)
- But under normal physiological processes, 100 ml Blood delivers 25% (5ml) of Oxygen
- 1 molecule of Haemoglobin can carry maximum 4 Oxygen molecules.
20 ml O2 then it is 100% saturated.
15 ml O2 then it is 75% saturated
5 ml O2 then it is 25% saturated.
22-(b) About 98% of O2 is transported by RBC. O2 binds with haemoglobin (red coloured iron containing pigment present in the RBCs) to form oxyhaemoglobin. This process is known as oxygenation.
23-(b) Partial pressure of oxygen in inspired and expired air is 158 and 40 mm of Hg.
24- (b) p50 value is the oxygen tension at half saturation
(50%) of blood. It is calculated from the measured
oxygen tension and oxygen saturation by
extrapolation along the oxygen dissociation curve
to 50% saturation.
25-(d) CO2 is transported both by plasma and haemoglobin
of blood
26. (b) An increase (i) in CO2
in blood, which causes a drop (ii)
in pH, would cause your breathing to speed up
27. (c) Carbonic anhydrase is found in high concentration
in erythrocytes (RBCs). Carbonic anhydrase is a zinc
enzyme that speeds up the formation of carbonic
acid.
28-(B)
Zn
- Active site
- Acid-Base balance
- present in - RBC
- convert- CO2 into Carbonic and Bicarbonate Ion
Fe
- present in- haemoglobin
- carry oxygen
- 1 g blood hai 15 g haemoglobin.
- 1 g haemoglobin carry 1.34ml oxygen.
- Blood carry 25% of saturation value of oxygen in normal function i.e = 5ml of total 20ml capacity.
Cu
- Synthasis of haemoglobin
Mg
- Maintain cell wall stability.
